The ancient settlement of Lower Barskhan is situated in the Baizan region, 1.5km from Taraz. The town is mentioned in Arab written sources of the 10^th century attributed to Kudam-ibn-Dzhafar and Makdisi. Makdisi wrote, ‘Barskhan is a town situated the distance of two human voices east of Taraz, surrounded by a wall which has already collapsed. There is a mosque in the market.’ The settlement is two-tiered and rectangular in plan, 310 x 140m in size and 10m high. The citadel and shakhristan are easily discerned in the city’s planning, surrounded on all sides by a sunken embankment with towers in its corners and along its perimeter. There are two entrances to the shakhristan’s territory (east and west) and a main street leading away from them. The rabads are attached to the settlement on the sides of the entrances, as are the agricultural outskirts and farmsteads. Aerial photographs of the settlement have revealed the presence of remains of a long wall which encircled the central ruins at a distance of about 1.5-2km.Remains of a winery, residential buildings and workshops and a large quantity of ceramics were found during the excavations.

The settlement of Zhalpaktobe is located in the village of Zhalpaktobe of Zhambyl district, located in the suburb of Taraz. According to A. N. Bernshtam, the settlement of Jikil got its name from the name of the Turkic tribe of Gikil. According to G. I. Patsevich, the settlement of Jalpaktobe can be identified with the city of Jigil, which was reported by the Arab geographer of the X century al-Maqdisi. He describes it as a «small village» at a distance of a human voice from Taraz. Opinion about the identity of Zhalpaktobe and Gikil share T.N. Senigova and K. M. Baipakov.

From the medieval settlement Shahristan remained in the form of a rectangular hill.The monument was studied in 1939-40 by the expedition of the Dzhambul archaeological point under the leadership Of G. I. Patsevich, in 1956 the excavations of the Semirechensk archaeological expedition under the leadership of T. N. Senigova were carried out on the settlement.  In 1983-86 it was surveyed by archaeological expedition of the Arch of monuments of history and culture under the leadership Of K. M. Baypakov, and in 2010 by expedition of the Arch of monuments of LLP «Archaeological examination» under the leadership of S. Akylbek and CH. Kudabayev.

The settlement is occupied by an old Muslim cemetery. The Western edge of the settlement is destroyed . The area around is occupied by gardens and buildings of the village of Jalpaktobe. Archaeological research, as well as the decoding of aerial photographs revealed the presence of a defensive wall around the central ruins, at a distance of 1-1. 5 km. Excavations on the territory of the settlement determined the nature of the building on the level of VI-IX centuries. It was solid, all the rooms were attached to one another. In the living quarters there were open hearths on the floors. Sufis lined the walls. The walls of the buildings are made of mud brick, and placed on a stone foundation. In the rooms-storerooms arranged grain pits. Ceramics is represented by mugs decorated with carved floral ornaments, pots with arched handles, clay and alabaster round tables-dastarkhan, lamps. The found Turgesh coins allow to carry a complex of constructions on Zhalpaktobe to VII-IX centuries. The top building horizon of the city, judging by presence of fragments of irrigated ceramics, belongs to X-XII centuries.

The excavations revealed the nature of the fortification and topography of the city, in which the citadel and Shahristan are distinguished, as well as the defensive walls surrounding rabad and the agricultural district. Currently, due to the dense construction of the size of the settlement is 70x70 m  in places noticeable raw masonry walls. The height of the preserved walls is 1 m.

Paleolithic - ancient stone age. This is the oldest era in the formation of man, his thinking, production activities and culture. The first human footprints on the territory of Kazakhstan belong to the Early Paleolithic (approximately 800-140 thousand years ago). Traces of human settlement on the territory of Kazakhstan belong to the Lower Paleolithic, as evidenced by the tools of the shell-Achelian time - found in the tracts Shabakty, Tanirkazgan, Borykazgan, Akkol, Kazangap (South Kazakhstan - the Karatau ridge). The most favorable places for the resettlement of an ancient person in the Zhambyl region were the Karatau mountains, where numerous herds of wild animals were found, and the hot climate favored rich and lush vegetation.

The public organization of people in the Paleolithic era has passed a complex and long development path. Ancient people lived together, since it was easier to hunt, to resist the forces of nature.

One of the sites of the Lower Paleolithic is the site of Borikazgan, which is located 10 km south-east of the village of Kyzylaut, in the tract Borikazgan in the Talas district.

The settlement lot was discovered by H.A. Alpysbaev in 1958. In 2000, re-examined by the South Kazakhstan Integrated Archaeological Expedition of the Institute of Archeology named after OH. Margulan of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan under the leadership of K.M. Baipakova. During the research work, stone products were found (442 copies). The main raw materials for the manufacture of tools were massive stones and pebbles of black silicon.

Under the guidance of the archaeologist H.A. Alpysbaev, several pits were laid in the places of the largest concentration of products. The artifacts of Borikazgan are subdivided into the following types: 1) bilaterally processed coarse chopping tools; 2) guns; 3) hand chopped; 4) uniforms; 5) tools from flakes; 6) flakes; 7) nucleic acid products and production waste. The stone products are similar in shape and technique to chipping and typology with tools of the Olduvai culture. The collection is stored in the Museum of Archeology of the Institute of Archeology. A.Kh. Margulana, the city of Almaty.

The burial mound is located on the foothill plain at the foot of the Northern slopes of the Karatau ridge (Zhualy district) on both banks of the Berikkar river. The mounds are located from the gorge to the coastal strip of lake Bilikol.
The monument was identified and recorded in 1938-1939 by an archaeological expedition led by A. N.

Bernshtam. In 1957 he was studied by the South Kazakhstan archaeological expedition led by A. G. Maksimova, in 1978-by the expedition of the Dzhambul regional Museum of local history, in 2000-by the expedition led by K. M. Baypakov, D. A. Lobas. In 2013, the expedition surveyed the Arch of monuments LLP «Archaeological expertise».

One of the first stages of the Lower Paleolithic is the Acheulean era. During the Acheulean era, a person begins to gradually get used to social life in the community.

One of the monuments of this period is the Akkol settlement , which is located 11 km south-west of the village of Akkol, south of Lake Akkol, Talas district.

The monument was opened in 1961 by archaeologist H.A. Alpysbaev. In 2009, it was examined by the expedition of the Arch of Archaeological Expertise under the supervision of E. Akimbek, Ch. Kudabaev.

On the surface of a wide hill, in a small area, 117 stone products made by an ancient man were revealed. The vast majority are flakes. In the place of the largest concentration of stone products, a pit was laid. Stone products are divided into groups: 1) typical chopping tools with a machined working edge; 2) guns; 3) hand chopped. Typologically, the artifacts of Akkol’s location are grouped: on bilateral chopping tools; hand chopped; tools from flakes; chips without traces of processing. The collection is stored in the Museum of Archeology of the Institute of Archeology. A.Kh. Margulana, the city of Almaty.